A Chronology of World History
A chronological account from Creation to the present day, presented from a traditional Orthodox Christian understanding, incorporating Scriptural, Patristic, and historical sources, and acknowledging the ongoing spiritual context of world events.
Please Note: This timeline is a layman's personal compilation. Many dates are approximate. This work is offered as a study, not as a definitive or canonical statement of the Church.
Creation of the World and Fall of Adam and Eve
AM 15509 BCByzantine Creation Era begins; God creates the cosmos and mankind; Adam and Eve transgress God's commandment and are expelled from Paradise.
Birth of Seth
AM 2305279 BCAdam was 230 years old when Seth was born (Gen 5:3, LXX).
Birth of Enosh
AM 4355074 BCSeth was 205 years old when Enosh was born (LXX); "Then began men to call upon the name of the LORD God" (Gen 4:26, LXX).
Birth of Kenan
AM 6254884 BCEnosh was 190 years old when Kenan was born (LXX).
Birth of Mahalalel (Maleleel)
AM 7954714 BCKenan was 170 years old when Mahalalel was born (LXX).
Birth of Jared
AM 9604549 BCMahalalel was 165 years old when Jared was born (LXX).
Birth of Righteous Enoch
AM 11224387 BCJared was 162 years old when Enoch was born (LXX); "And Enoch was well-pleasing to God, and was not found, because God translated him." (Gen 5:24, LXX). Translated after 365 years.
Birth of Methuselah
AM 12874222 BCRighteous Enoch was 165 years old when Methuselah was born (LXX). Longest recorded lifespan.
Birth of Lamech
AM 14744035 BCMethuselah was 187 years old when Lamech was born (LXX).
Birth of Righteous Noah
AM 16623848 BCLamech was 188 years old when Noah was born (LXX). "This one will cause us to cease from our work, and from the sorrow of our hands, and from the earth, which the Lord God has cursed." (Gen 5:29, LXX)
The Great Flood
AM 2242~3268 BCIn Noah’s 600th year; Lucianic LXX chronology. Divine judgment upon widespread human wickedness and cleansing of the earth.
Righteous Noah and family exit the Ark; Covenant of the Rainbow
AM 2243~3267 BCGod establishes His covenant with Noah and all creation, promising never again to destroy all flesh by a flood.
Tower of Babel; Confusion of Tongues and Dispersion of Peoples
AM ~2342~3168 BCIn the days of Peleg (Gen 10:25); humanity's prideful attempt to build a tower to heaven results in the confusion of tongues and the scattering of peoples across the earth.
Emergence of Post-Diluvian Civilizations
AM ~2400+~3100+ BCDescendants of Noah's sons establish early settlements and civilizations in Mesopotamia (Sumer), Egypt (Early Dynastic), and elsewhere.
Early Dynastic Period in Egypt (Dynasties I-II)
AM ~2400-2800~3100-2700 BCUnification of Upper and Lower Egypt, development of hieroglyphic writing; a notable post-dispersion civilization.
Development of Early Writing Systems (Cuneiform, Hieroglyphs)
AM ~2400-2600~3100-2900 BCPost-Babel development of distinct writing systems in Mesopotamia and Egypt, used for administration and early pagan religious texts.
Old Kingdom of Egypt (Dynasties III-VI); Era of Pyramid Construction
AM ~2800-3300~2700-2200 BCPeriod of great pyramid construction (e.g., Djoser's Step Pyramid, Giza Pyramids), centralized pharaonic power, flourishing of Heliopolitan paganism.
Rise of Akkadian Empire under Sargon of Akkad
AM ~3150~2350 BCEarly Mesopotamian empire, demonstrating consolidation of power post-dispersion.